I am not really convinced. The main difference between fightercraft and missiles is that they serve completely different goals. A missile is supposed to go somewhere and explode, while a fighter is supposed to go somewhere, do something, and then return. At least that is how i understand it. Now, this means that a lot of the stuff you build into the fighter will be used multiple times. Sure, if all you worry about is fuel efficiency/payload, a missile is obviously better. Though i also would not agree with the *4 factor you guys use, since that assume that the ideal way to rerendevous with the mothership is to completely decelerate, accelerate into the opposite direction and then decelerate again to meet the mothership. While that might be true in absolutely empty space, if you have some gravity wells in the area you probably can have a cheaper return voyage.
But that is besides the point anyways. Fuel efficiency per payload is probably not the most important thing for space weaponry. If, for example, some tech thingies are far more expensive then fuel, it is not always reasonable to build them into a thing that is designed to never return. But it might make sense to build them into a fighter whose mission involves returning to base. This might involve shields, guidance systems, PD systems, scramblers, cloaking technology, etc... If any of those or others are far more expensive then fuel and fuel storage on the mothership, and also bolster the probability of hitting the target by a large margin, it can increase the fighters effectiveness beyond that of missiles. Basically, you only need something that increases the probability of hitting your target by a percentage large enough to offset the larger amount of missiles you could launch which would make fightercraft cheaper in total because of the increased probability of retrieving the tech (over 0 for a rocket)
Now, for space combat to be interesting, it is also strictly necessary to have some sort of deflection for basic relativistic nonguided weaponry, because otherwise if two fleets charge each other at relativistic speeds, both just need to spread some sand out of an airlock for complete destruction of both fleets through sand pieces with kinetic energy equivalent to smaller nuclear bombs. If you don't have any tech that achieves that, any space combat between fleets of any size will end in complete destruction of both fleets, and any attack on an inhabited planed will make that planet inhabitable. That "tech" could just be problems with actually detecting fleets, but that would mean that there is no way to defend your planets, so interstellar wars would end in fleets flying around blowing up planets, and both sides completely annihilated pretty fastly. So lets just assume that there is some sort of shielding that prevents that kind of relativistic weaponry. Now, it is completely dependent on how that technology works whether fightercraft can be better than missiles or not.
If it is a technology that can be overwhelmed by large amounts of firepower, and unless any of the stuff i mentioned in the above paragraph is relevant, missiles are superior because they can deliver more payload per fuel/cargo space. But those are pretty large "ifs". If the technology can not be overwhelmed by pure firepower, and needs some other way to be circumvented (non-frontal assault, cloaking, scrambling, shield-penetrating technology, whatever), and if that technology is not cheap, fighercraft who penetrate the relativistic shielding, deliver their payload, and are retrieved after the battle might suddenly be better just because you get your expensive shield-penetrating tech back afterwards.
Also, i can envision a fleet where fightercraft are deployed in some distance in front of the mothership and used as forward PD nodes against enemy missiles/fightercraft to increase your chances of deflecting them by having multiple lines of PD weaponry spread out ahead of the mothership.