I was thinking, some of factions as they are currently are more of a reflection of current and past times than they are of the future, barring the spacefaring part. I consider the most fleshed out is the Hegemony, which appears to be characterised as different stereotypes to different people, from a bureaucratic nightmare to a military junta nightmare to an authoritarian nightmare, due to the unclear nature of what their government is, but they do host a cosmospolitan space university as well as seemingly independent planets within their borders. Persean League I would regard as the next, in that every planet is different, but there is nothing truly bizarre and whilst widely different, there is nothing there that seems out of the ordinary on Earth. The most outlandish seems to be a parody of current politics.
Tri-Tachyon is a bit odd, in that they are a corporation in space, but how would an actual government corporation function is not expounded upon, for where does the money go? Instead they are simply what appears to be when ina modern world corporate corruption runs rampant without humanist concerns or government oversight. For all that they are far less cruel than actual historical corporations that did end up ruling vast areas. Sindrian Diktat seems to be a bog standard recently formed military dictatorship with charismatic leader stereotype. At least from the point of view of the Hegemony anyways, which is the lens that is presented to the player.
Luddic Church is just a theocracy. That's it really. As a religion it is barely fleshed out, and doesn't seem to reflect any sort of grand futuristic or present idealogy, other than a vague coldwar style hamans may cause the end of human civilization. It's just a religion, but in space. It doesn't really predict a possible religion or idealogy that will come as technology abnd science is gainedor reflect the growing idealogies of the modern world, such as the growing ecological movement. There doesn't seem to be any horrific cyborgs running around despite that appears to be one of the core tenents of the Luddic Church is fighting against. Everyone is vaguely human, with the odd bionic eye at the most. They seem to beleive in ecological balance, but they were formed at a time when the domain manipulated the climate of whole planets with seeming ease and the population of humans on a planet now doesn't reach a mere billion.