I use ballistics only about 90% of the time, because I find them to be far more deadly than energy weapons.
First, you can't run 100% kinetic. Don't ever do this, regardless of what you've read. You will ping off armor and do no damage. You need a balanced between kinetic guns to drop shields, and then missiles/HE guns to pound the armor.
Second, you need to utilize your small mounts effectively, because your medium mounts will be used for flak 90% of the time, depending on the ship and how many med mounts you have available. Small mounts should be used for railguns, autocannons, light assault guns, and so on. There are some exceptions to this, like on the enforcer where you have plenty of med mounts.
Third, integrated targeting unit is very important, especially on cruisers and up. You don't need speed because your railguns are overloading his shields from so far away that he can't even return fire without using missiles, which you are immune to from all your flak. Once his shields are down and he is overloaded or venting, you can either close in or just drop him with missiles. Expanded missile racks is very effective to this end, as are Integrated targeting unit + Hellbores, Heavy Maulers, and Hephaestus AG (get expanded mags if you are going to use the latter).
I've never had any problems bringing my guns to bear using my low tech only fleets. Early game, just use a the Hound to fight other Hounds, or a wing of fighters. Throw a Hyper velocity driver on your hound and laugh at the assault gun hounds which can't even get near you. That said, I prefer a lasher with railguns and missiles.