I recently upgraded my PC to an all AMD laptop (Ryzen R9 5900HX CPU + rx6800m GPU) and Starsector performance has suffered (despite my last PC being 10 years old). When I force both java and starsector to run on the dedicated GPU on Windows 10, performance decreases as well as seeing a weird shimmering effect on asteroid belts around planetary bodies. Forcing the integrated GPU for both java & starsector does seem to help improve things (shimmering disappears), though while the framerate is ok I get a lot of big pauses while flying on the main map.
I think Linux has an OpenGL to Vulkan wrapper which might help, though I haven't really used Linux itself. MS Store has an OpenGL to DX12 plugin for free, but after downloading and installing it, it doesn't help; though that could be because it only supports up to OpenGL 3.3 which I guess is more aimed at photo products with OpenGL acceleration (well I do use Lightroom occasionally, so maybe that might help).