Wait, the high mobility opportunistic strike ship can't challenge the strongest destroyer in a head on, no fleet or distraction duel?!
Well, I said player-piloted. Which is enough to let the better ships hit above their weight.
Medusa can both defeat head on less optimized Hammerhead variants or get behind better ones with skimmer (not quite stick to engines, but enough for quick vent, gaining upper hand as result).
It also can defeat any non-carrier cruiser (or at least could in 0.81. Better flux usage by AI might curb this).
Shrike loses miserably against stock balanced Hammerhead.
Some player-piloted frigates can do it (common Lasher being one of them, though admittedly it needs SO to win against proper Hammerhead variants).
Edit: snark post alternative incoming. You know what can’t “cheese” a Hammerhead with medium sabots? A Hammerhead or a Medusa. As they don’t have a medium missile slot.
Because they don't need to. They can do it with normal variant that has long term viability (instead of being out of Sabots after 1-2 kills).
AI won't use Sabot variant properly and player has better stuff to pilot.