Hi - it sounds like 0.7a worked for you, but 0.7.1a doesn't, is that right?
If so: can you try a clean reinstall? By that I mean manually removing the Starsector folder (after copying off any saves/mods you care about), instead of running the uninstaller. It's possible something is wrong there.
Another thing to try is running the game using the starsector.bat file found in in the starsector-core folder.
The starsector.log file is in that folder too, but I doubt there's anything of use - it sounds like the game is not getting far enough to be able to start writing there.