I have asked a lot of questions in the unofficial Discord server lately, and they all resulted in some really nice ships builds for the current patch. I decided to share it here.
I am still nowhere near as experienced as the people from whom I got help, so all thanks goes to the helpful people in the Discord server and in the forums.
These loadouts could be considered late game builds, since they have built in hullmods and more rare weapons, and they definitely work in difficult fights.
Note: Solar Shielding gives both logistics and combat bonuses. The logistics bonus is best utilized if given to all ships in a fleet. However, it can easily be ommitted from all of these loadouts, and put into capacitors/vents, or into another hullmod, e.g. Efficiency Overhaul.
If I discuss and test any more builds, I will expand/modify this post.
While these loadouts were all discussed and tested, any constructive criticism would still be appreciated.
EDIT: Lots of great feedback already, I am modifying the builds in this post as we make them better. Keep them coming, thank you!