I got a non-reproducible NPE on line 1204 of BaseThemeGenerator in getInnerRadius(), which is the SINGLE/BINARY_FAR/TRINARY_2FAR case of the system type switch. The star system was passed in from my Roider Union code, but it came from a list populated using
if (s.getId().equals(market.getStarSystem().getId())) continue;
so it should have crashed there if the system was null. That means system.getStar() must have returned null. Unfortunately it happened before new game creation finished, so I don't have a save.
All my Roider systems go through this code without throwing the NPE, and I don't have any other faction/etc. mods enabled, so it seems most probable to me that something in vanilla is randomly putting out a nebula system with type SINGLE.